Saccharomyces is commonly known as the yeast. S. cerevisiae is commonly known as the yeast. The cells are unicellular. The cells are rectangular, oval, and elliptical in outline. The cell wall is made up of chitin. Cellulose is absent. The vacuolated cytoplasm contains oil drops, volutin granules and various organelles like endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes and dictyosomes. The central vacuole is surrounded by a limiting membrane called as tonoplast. Saccharomyces reproduces by vegetative means i.e. by fission and by budding. It also shows sexual reproduction during unfavorable conditions when the food supply is exhausting. Three types of life cycle are found i.e. Haplo-biontic life cycle , Diplobiontic life cycle, and Haplodiplobiontic life cycle.
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