MAL-ABSORPTION SYNDROME
It is a group of disorders marked by subnormal absorption on dietary constituent & excessive loss of nutrition in stool
CAUSES—
• Gall bladder & pancreatic diseases
• Lymphatic obstruction
• Vascular impairment
• Bowel resection
• Stool with mucus
• Infection
• CLINICAL FEATURES—
• Chronic diarrhea
• Abdominal distension
• Failure to thrive
• Flatulence
• Anorexia
• Fatigue
• Loss of weight
• Mall nutrition
• Growth failure
• Stool loose & bulky in severe disease
• Pasty & yellowish in exocrine pancreatic in sufficiency
There are mainly 3 categories—
1) IMPAIRED DIGESTION—
Impaired digestion due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency also result in chronic diarrhea & malabsorption.
It also occurs due to cystic fibrosis, lipase deficiency, bile-duct atresia &crohn’s disease
Massive steatorrhea occurs most frequently in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
2) INTESTINAL MAL ABSORPTION—
Due to celiac disease & bacterial over growth
These patient have steatorrhea abnormal D-xylose test & abnormal intestinal histology
3) CARBOHYDRATE MALABSORPTION—
Due to congenital deficiency of mucosal enzyme
It is presented with liquid acidic loose stools which is usually passed with flatus.
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION—
• Repeated routine stood examination
• Fecal fat studies
• Intestinal biopsy
• Pancreatic function test
• Radiology like barium meal studies
• NURSING MANAGEMENT—
• Nursing care focouses on the supporting the parents in the maintain glutting free diet for the child
• Help parents to understand that this disease may requires lifelong dietary modification
• Discoution of diet plan for the child at risk of growth retardation
• Nutritional assessment & continuous teaching of diet plan to parent should be maintain
• The child also avoid processed food that content glutain or a filler
• Empharis the needs of complication while entering the child developments needs
NURSING DIAGNOSIS–
• Maintenance of normal diet pattern
• Fluid volume deficit
• Knowledge deficit related to diet plan
